Pompeii had prospered as a Roman colony since the 6th century B.C. The ruins of Pompeii ( Ponpei) are located south of Vesuvius. The Historic Centre of Naples was added to the list in 1995, and the Archaeological Areas of Pompei, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata and Costiera Amalfitana (Amalfi Coast) were added in 1997. Three World Heritage sites of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) are visible in the figure. Vesuvius ( Vesuvio) volcano (1,281m) is seen between the clouds east of Naples, and a 13km-wide caldera called the Phlegraean Fields ( Campi Flegrei) with many volcanic craters in it is visible in the west. The vast grey building complex located 13km northeast of the central station is the Alfa Romeo factory, one of Italy's leading car manufacturers. Unfortunately, however, it is not visible due to cloud cover. Naples ( Capodichino) International Airport is located to the north of the industrial area. Naples is made up of the terra-cotta downtown area in the west and the grey industrial area in the east on both sides of Naples Central Station ( Napoli Centrale) of the Italian railway ( Trenitalia). It has long been said, "See Naples and die ( Vedi Napoli e poi muori!)." Today, Naples is a beautiful port with a night view that is one of the most spectacular in the world. Its mild climate and beautiful nature made Naples the summer resort of a succession of Roman emperors.
Naples came from the ancient Grecian name " Neapolis" meaning a "new city". Naples was established by the ancient Greeks who landed at the port of Santa Lucia in the 6th century B.C. The urban area located in the center of the figure is the port town Naples, which is the third largest city in Italy with a population of 980,000 after Rome (2.71 million) and Milan (1.3 million). Figure 1 depicts Naples (Italian: Napoli) and its vicinity in South Italy.
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